The soft commodities we trade include Orange Juice, Sugar, Coffee and Cocoa. Unlike the hard commodities which are finite, these resources are mainly limited by the restrictions of acreage and growing conditions.
There is a substitution effect driven by the relative economic value of utilising land for one asset versus the other. As demand trends change within a developed economy, producers adapt their supply to meet this need. Developing economies are now starting to consume some soft commodities that they have easier access to, and as the borders open and the globe shrinks farmers around the world will amend their production accordingly. This is new demand, yet the total arable land is constant or even falling.
The derivative markets were actually created to cater for businesses that produced soft commodities and to ensure farmers can “lock-in” a price for their product. This was to limit the risk of price fluctuations around the time of harvest. This asset class has been utilised in recent years by speculators who also help to streamline the market and add liquidity. |